A Beginner's Guide to Housing Your Pet Tarantula

Tarantulas make fascinating pets, and their relatively low maintenance makes them an excellent choice for both seasoned arachnid enthusiasts and first-time exotic pet owners. However, providing the right housing for your tarantula is critical to its health and wellbeing. This guide covers everything you need to know to create the perfect home for your eight-legged friend.

Choosing the Right Enclosure

Size Matters

While tarantulas don't require large enclosures, it is essential to provide a space that allows for natural behaviour. The general rule of thumb is to select an enclosure that is 2-3 times the spider's leg span in width and roughly the same as its leg span in height for terrestrial species. For arboreal tarantulas, choose an enclosure that is taller, as they need vertical space to climb.

Material Options

Enclosures are commonly made from glass, acrylic, or plastic. Each material has pros and cons:

• Glass: Durable and attractive, but can be heavier and prone to cracking.
• Acrylic: Lightweight and clear, but scratches more easily.
• Plastic: Affordable and lightweight, though not as visually appealing.

Make sure the enclosure has proper ventilation to prevent mould and stagnant air, which can harm your tarantula.

Substrate and Furnishings

Substrate

The substrate provides a base layer that mimics the tarantula's natural environment. Ideal substrates include:

• Coconut fibre (eco earth): Retains moisture well and is easy to clean.
• Topsoil: Organic and free of chemicals.
• Peat moss: Holds humidity but can be less sustainable.

Avoid substrates like sand, gravel, or wood shavings, which can harm your tarantula. Aim for a layer of 2-4 inches for terrestrial species or 4-6 inches for burrowing species.

Hides and Decorations

Tarantulas are naturally reclusive and need a place to hide. Use items such as:

• Half logs
• Cork bark
• Coconut shells
• Artificial plants

Avoid sharp or jagged objects that could injure your tarantula.

Temperature and Humidity

Maintaining Temperature

Most tarantulas thrive in temperatures between 21-27°C (70-80°F). Use a thermometer to monitor the enclosure's temperature. If additional heating is needed, consider:

• Heat mats: Place on the side of the enclosure, not the bottom, to avoid overheating the substrate.
• Ceramic heat emitters: Provide a gentle heat source.

Humidity Levels

Humidity requirements vary depending on the species:

• Rainforest species: Require higher humidity (65-80%). Mist the enclosure lightly and ensure the substrate retains moisture.
• Desert species: Prefer lower humidity (40-60%). Use drier substrates and minimal misting.

Use a hygrometer to keep track of humidity levels, and avoid excessive dampness to prevent mould growth.

Feeding and Watering

Feeding

Tarantulas eat live prey, such as crickets, mealworms, and roaches. Feed your tarantula 1-2 appropriately sized prey items every 1-2 weeks. The prey size should not exceed the length of your tarantula's abdomen. Remove uneaten food after 24 hours to prevent stress or injury.

Watering

Provide a shallow water dish with fresh water at all times. For smaller tarantulas, add a small rock to prevent drowning. Replace the water regularly to maintain hygiene.

Enclosure Maintenance

Regular maintenance is essential to keep your tarantula healthy:

• Spot clean: Remove uneaten prey and faecal matter weekly.
• Deep clean: Replace the substrate every 6-12 months, or sooner if mould appears.
• Monitor conditions: Check temperature and humidity levels daily.

When handling your tarantula during cleaning, do so with extreme care or use a catch cup to safely transfer it.

Safety Tips

• Avoid handling: Most tarantulas don't enjoy being handled, and it can cause unnecessary stress or injury to them.
• Secure the enclosure: Ensure the lid is escape-proof but well-ventilated.
• Research your species: Different tarantulas have specific needs, so always tailor the enclosure to their natural habitat.

Conclusion

Creating the perfect home for your tarantula is essential for its wellbeing and can be a rewarding experience for you as an owner. By selecting the right enclosure, maintaining proper conditions, and providing regular care, you'll ensure your pet thrives in its new environment. With time and observation, you'll develop a deeper appreciation for these remarkable creatures.