American Shorthair vs British Shorthair: choosing between two classic companions

If you're looking for a cat with a calm, affectionate personality and a classic, robust appearance, both the American Shorthair and the British Shorthair are likely to be on your shortlist. While they may appear similar at first glance — both being short-coated, solidly built breeds — there are distinct differences in their history, appearance, and temperament that could influence your decision.

In this guide, we’ll take a closer look at the key similarities and differences between the American and British Shorthair cats to help you decide which breed might be best suited to your home and lifestyle.

Origins and history

The American Shorthair originated in the United States and traces its roots back to cats brought over by early European settlers. These cats were valued for their hunting abilities and adaptability. Over time, they were selectively bred for health, temperament, and a balanced body type, becoming an official breed in the early 20th century.

The British Shorthair has a much longer history in the United Kingdom, believed to have descended from cats brought by the Romans. It was refined during the Victorian era and is now one of the UK’s most beloved pedigree breeds. The breed came close to extinction after the World Wars but has since recovered to become one of the most popular cats in Britain today.

Physical characteristics

The American Shorthair has a muscular, medium to large build with a broad chest, strong legs, and a rounded face. Their short coat is dense and resilient, designed to withstand the elements. They come in many colours and patterns, with silver tabby being one of the most iconic.

The British Shorthair is known for its more cobby and rounded appearance — a broad, chubby face with large round eyes and thick, plush fur. Their coat is particularly dense and soft to the touch, often compared to velvet. The most popular colour is blue (commonly referred to as the British Blue), but the breed is recognised in many other shades and patterns.

Temperament and behaviour

American Shorthairs are known for their easy-going, adaptable nature. They are independent but affectionate and enjoy being near their humans without being overly clingy. They are playful and intelligent, but not typically as high-energy as some other breeds. They do well in households with children or other pets and are comfortable in both busy and quiet homes.

British Shorthairs are famously calm and reserved. They are affectionate in their own quiet way but prefer not to be picked up or carried around. They are happy to follow you from room to room, observe from a distance, and join you on the sofa when it suits them. They tend to be less active than American Shorthairs, making them a good choice for those looking for a more laid-back companion.

Grooming and care

Both breeds are relatively low-maintenance when it comes to grooming, but the British Shorthair’s denser coat may require more frequent brushing to manage shedding, particularly in spring and autumn.

Neither breed is prone to excessive grooming needs, but regular nail trimming, dental care, and ear cleaning are recommended as part of their routine.

Health and lifespan

Both breeds are generally healthy and long-lived, with life expectancies around 12 to 15 years or more. However, each breed has some known health concerns:

• American Shorthairs can be prone to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and obesity if overfed or under-exercised.
• British Shorthairs may be susceptible to HCM, polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and joint issues due to their stocky build.

Choosing a reputable breeder who screens for these conditions is essential for both breeds.

Which cat is right for you

Choose an American Shorthair if you are looking for a friendly, adaptable cat that enjoys company but isn’t overly demanding. They suit active families or individuals looking for a sociable, playful pet that doesn’t require constant attention.

Choose a British Shorthair if you want a quiet, undemanding companion who will enjoy your company but also value their independence. They’re perfect for more relaxed households and people who appreciate a dignified, low-key pet with a charmingly serious expression.

Conclusion

Both the American and British Shorthair are excellent choices for those looking for a classic, sturdy, and affectionate feline companion. While they share some similarities in care and temperament, their subtle differences in personality and appearance mean one may be a better fit depending on your lifestyle and preferences.

Whether you choose the calm, cuddly British or the friendly, adaptable American, both breeds promise years of companionship, comfort, and quiet joy.