The calculator starts with your pet's calendar age, then turns it into a rough human-age equivalent and a life-stage label. Dogs are handled by size because large and giant breeds usually move into senior care earlier than small dogs. Cats, rabbits and horses use simpler species-level estimates because breed, body condition, workload, housing and medical history can shift ageing more than a single formula can show.
Use the result as a planning prompt, not as a diagnosis. Two pets with the same birthday may age differently if one is overweight, has dental disease, has joint pain, has a chronic condition, or has had very different exercise and nutrition. The useful question is not only how old your pet is, but what care checks now make sense for that life stage.